Lead - ορισμός. Τι είναι το Lead
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Τι (ποιος) είναι Lead - ορισμός

CHEMICAL ELEMENT WITH SYMBOL PB AND ATOMIC NUMBER 82
Plumbum; Lead's main use; Element 82; Lead (element); Lead ore; Plumbic; Plumbous; Lead (metal); Lead(metal); Leaded; Pb2+; Atomic number 82; Ledd; Lead recycling; Pb element; User:Double sharp/Lead; Lead mining; Pb (element); Environmental effects of lead mining; Lead mines; History of lead
  • alt=An X-ray picture with numerous small pellets highlighted in white
  • alt=A dusty dump
  • alt=A line chart generally declining towards its right
  • alt=A line chart of many lines, some longer than other, most generally growing towards its right
  • alt=A flame with a small metal rod penetrating it; the flame near the rod is pale blue.
  • alt=Ancient pipes in a museum case
  • alt=A piece of a gray meteorite on a pedestal
  • [[Kymograph]]ic recording of the effect of lead acetate on frog heart experimental set up.
  • alt=A disk of metal
  • alt=A black-and-white drawing of men working in a mine
  • alt=A line chart generally growing to its right
  • alt=A closed structure of black bricks
  • alt=A white-faced woman in red clothes
  • alt=Nine dark gray spheres connected by cylinders of the same color forming a convex shape
  • A 17th-century gold-coated lead sculpture
  • right
  • alt=Alternating dark gray and red balls connected by dark gray-red cylinders
  • alt=Uppermost part of the nuclide chart, with only practically stable isotopes and lead-205 shown, and the path of the s-process overlaid on it as well that of the cycle on lead, bismuth, and polonium
  • Lead sling bullet}}
  • alt=A chart of a human body with arrows pointing pieces of text to different parts of the body
  • alt=A gray-green sphere linked to four black spheres, each, in turn, linked also to three white ones

Lead         
A metal; one of the elements; symbol Pb. Atomic weight, 207; equivalent, 103-1/2; valency, 2. Lead may also be a tetrad, when its equivalent is 51.75. The following data are at 0º C. (32º F.) with compressed metal: Relative Resistance, (Silver = l)     13.05
Specific Resistance,                  19.63   microhms.
Resistance of a wire,
(a) 1 ft. long, weighing 1 grain,       3.200   ohms.
(b) 1 meter long, weighing 1 gram,      2.232  "
(c) 1 meter long, 1 millimeter thick,    .2498  "
Resistance of 1 inch cube,              7.728   microhms.
Electro-Chemical Equivalent (Hydrogen = .0105)   1.086   mgs.
Lead         
·noun An open way in an ice field.
II. Lead ·noun A Lode.
III. Lead ·noun The course of a rope from end to end.
IV. Lead ·noun A plummet or mass of lead, used in sounding at sea.
V. Lead ·noun An article made of lead or an alloy of lead.
VI. Lead ·noun A small cylinder of black lead or plumbago, used in pencils.
VII. Lead ·add. ·noun A conductor conveying electricity, as from a dynamo.
VIII. Lead ·noun A thin strip of type metal, used to separate lines of type in printing.
IX. Lead ·vt To place leads between the lines of; as, to lead a page; leaded matter.
X. Lead ·noun the distance of haul, as from a cutting to an Embankment.
XI. Lead ·noun The action of a tooth, as a tooth of a wheel, in impelling another tooth or a pallet.
XII. Lead ·vt To begin a game, round, or trick, with; as, to lead trumps; the double five was led.
XIII. Lead ·vt To cover, fill, or affect with lead; as, continuous firing leads the grooves of a rifle.
XIV. Lead ·add. ·noun A r/le for a leading man or leading woman; also, one who plays such a r/le.
XV. Lead ·add. ·noun The announcement by one voice part of a theme to be repeated by the other parts.
XVI. Lead ·noun The act of leading or conducting; guidance; direction; as, to take the lead; to be under the lead of another.
XVII. Lead ·noun Sheets or plates of lead used as a covering for roofs; hence, ·pl, a roof covered with lead sheets or terne plates.
XVIII. Lead ·add. ·noun A mark or a short passage in one voice part, as of a canon, serving as a cue for the entrance of others.
XIX. Lead ·noun The act or right of playing first in a game or round; the card suit, or piece, so played; as, your partner has the lead.
XX. Lead ·add. ·noun The advance of the current phase in an alternating circuit beyond that of the electromotive force producing it.
XXI. Lead ·vt To tend or reach in a certain direction, or to a certain place; as, the path leads to the mill; gambling leads to other vices.
XXII. Lead ·add. ·noun The excess above a right angle in the angle between two consecutive cranks, as of a compound engine, on the same shaft.
XXIII. Lead ·add. ·noun In spiral screw threads, worm wheels, or the like, the amount of advance of any point in the spiral for a complete turn.
XXIV. Lead ·add. ·noun The angle between the line joining the brushes of a continuous-current dynamo and the diameter symmetrical between the poles.
XXV. Lead ·noun precedence; advance position; also, the measure of precedence; as, the white horse had the lead; a lead of a boat's length, or of half a second.
XXVI. Lead ·vt To conduct or direct with authority; to have direction or charge of; as, to lead an army, an exploring party, or a search; to lead a political party.
XXVII. Lead ·noun The width of port opening which is uncovered by the valve, for the admission or release of steam, at the instant when the piston is at end of its stroke.
XXVIII. Lead ·vt To guide or conduct with the hand, or by means of some physical contact connection; as, a father leads a child; a jockey leads a horse with a halter; a dog leads a blind man.
XXIX. Lead ·vi To guide or conduct, as by accompanying, going before, showing, influencing, directing with authority, ·etc.; to have precedence or preeminence; to be first or chief;
- used in most of the senses of lead, ·vt.
XXX. Lead ·vt To draw or direct by influence, whether good or bad; to prevail on; to Induce; to Entice; to Allure; as, to lead one to espouse a righteous cause.
XXXI. Lead ·vt To go or to be in advance of; to Precede; hence, to be foremost or chief among; as, the big sloop led the fleet of yachts; the Guards led the attack; Demosthenes leads the orators of all ages.
XXXII. Lead ·vt To guide or conduct one's self in, through, or along (a certain course); hence, to proceed in the way of; to follow the path or course of; to Pass; to spend. Also, to cause (one) to proceed or follow in (a certain course).
XXXIII. Lead ·vt To guide or conduct in a certain course, or to a certain place or end, by making the way known; to show the way, ·esp. by going with or going in advance of. Hence, figuratively: To direct; to Counsel; to Instruct; as, to lead a traveler; to lead a pupil.
XXXIV. Lead ·add. ·noun In an internal-combustion engine, the distance, measured in actual length of piston stroke or the corresponding angular displacement of the crank, of the piston from the end of the compression stroke when ignition takes place;
- called in full lead of the ignition. When ignition takes place during the working stroke the corresponding distance from the commencement of the stroke is called negative lead.
XXXV. Lead ·noun One of the elements, a heavy, pliable, inelastic metal, having a bright, bluish color, but easily tarnished. It is both malleable and ductile, though with little tenacity, and is used for tubes, sheets, bullets, ·etc. Its specific gravity is 11.37. It is easily fusible, forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic weight, 206.4. Symbol Pb (L. Plumbum). It is chiefly obtained from the mineral galena, lead sulphide.
lead         
I. v. a.
1.
Guide (by the hand or something connected with the hand).
2.
Conduct, direct, escort, go before as guide.
3.
Head, be at the head of, precede.
4.
Surpass, excel, have the lead of, take the lead of, outstrip, be in advance of.
5.
Allure, entice, induce, persuade, draw, prevail on.
6.
Pass, spend.
II. v. n.
1.
Show the way (by going before).
2.
Be the commander (as of troops).
3.
Conduce, contribute, tend, serve.
III. n.
1.
Guidance, direction, leadership.
2.
Precedence.

Βικιπαίδεια

Lead

Lead is a chemical element with the symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82. It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. When freshly cut, lead is a shiny gray with a hint of blue. It tarnishes to a dull gray color when exposed to air. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and three of its isotopes are endpoints of major nuclear decay chains of heavier elements. Lead is toxic, even in small amounts, especially to children.

Lead is a relatively unreactive post-transition metal. Its weak metallic character is illustrated by its amphoteric nature; lead and lead oxides react with acids and bases, and it tends to form covalent bonds. Compounds of lead are usually found in the +2 oxidation state rather than the +4 state common with lighter members of the carbon group. Exceptions are mostly limited to organolead compounds. Like the lighter members of the group, lead tends to bond with itself; it can form chains and polyhedral structures.

Since lead is easily extracted from its ores, prehistoric people in the Near East were aware of it. Galena is a principal ore of lead which often bears silver. Interest in silver helped initiate widespread extraction and use of lead in ancient Rome. Lead production declined after the fall of Rome and did not reach comparable levels until the Industrial Revolution. Lead played a crucial role in the development of the printing press, as movable type could be relatively easily cast from lead alloys. In 2014, the annual global production of lead was about ten million tonnes, over half of which was from recycling. Lead's high density, low melting point, ductility and relative inertness to oxidation make it useful. These properties, combined with its relative abundance and low cost, resulted in its extensive use in construction, plumbing, batteries, bullets and shot, weights, solders, pewters, fusible alloys, white paints, leaded gasoline, and radiation shielding.

Lead's toxicity became widely recognized in the late 19th century, although a number of well-educated ancient Greek and Roman writers were aware of this fact and even knew some of the symptoms of lead poisoning. Lead is a neurotoxin that accumulates in soft tissues and bones; it damages the nervous system and interferes with the function of biological enzymes, causing neurological disorders ranging from behavioral problems to brain damage, and also affects general health, cardiovascular, and renal systems.

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